Although parents mean well, they are actually doing harm by spoiling their children.
父母的出發點雖好，寵溺的結果卻會給子女帶來傷害。
Dr. Maggie Mamen has been working with children and families as a clinical psychologist for over 30 years. She has seen just about everything families have had to deal with, but one situation has her and many others deeply concerned. It is called the pampered child syndrome, a name that Dr. Mamen came up with to _(1)_ the effects of parents giving their children everything they want.
The concern behind this syndrome is that it can create a _(2)_ reaction in the child, causing emotional, behavioral, or psychiatric disorders. It affects everything from daily life to performance at school to _(3)_ interaction. Such problems can stay with a child well beyond their younger years. This can create adults who are not _(4)_ prepared for the real world. Someone with the pampered child syndrome is given everything he or she wants but still _(5)_ more. They believe they deserve the same rights as adults. However, they are not quite ready to undertake the _(6)_ that go with being grownups. They are well taken care of and loved, yet feel un happy, anxious, or angry.
Teachers, professionals, and parents are now working together to educate themselves and others on how to _(7)_ , reverse, and deal with the pampered child syndrome. The mistake parents are making is that they try to protect their children from consequences, which _(8)_ them of having to deal with disappointment and loss. For those fighting the syndrome, this does not mean they should pay less _(9)_ to their children. What children actually need is support to help them grow and develop. Perhaps, _(10)_ , parents need to be the examples they want their children to follow. While it is difficult not to give a child everything he or she wants, it is much better not to spoil them in the long run.
說明：請依文意在所提供的 (A) 到 (L) 12 個選項中，選出最適當的10 個選項。
(A) fully (B) prevent (C) describe (D) worse yet
(E) social (F) attention (G) scarcely (H) most importantly
(I) deprives (J) negative (K) demands (L) responsibilities
原來如此
It is called the pampered child syndrome, a name that Dr. Mamen came up with to describe the effects of parents giving their children everything they want.
理由:
a. 空格前有不定詞 to，空格後有名詞詞組 the effects of...（……的影響），可知空格內應置入原形及物動詞。
b. 選項中為原形及物動詞的有 (B) prevent（預防；防止）以及 (C) describe（描述，形容），惟 describe 置入後符合語意，故選 (C)。
c. describe vt. 描述，形容
例: Most people describe Albert Einstein as a genius.
（大多數人把愛因斯坦形容為天才。）
The concern behind this syndrome is that it can create a negative reaction in the child, causing emotional, behavioral, or psychiatric disorders.
理由:
a. 空格前有不定冠詞 a，空格後有名詞 reaction（反應），可知空格內應置入形容詞。
b. 選項中為形容詞的有 (E) social（社交的）和 (J) negative（負面的），惟 negative 置入後符合語意，可知應選 (J)。
c. negative a. 負面的
例: This drug may produce some negative side effects.
（這種藥可能會產生某些不良的副作用。）
It affects everything from daily life to performance at school to social interaction.
理由:
a. 空格前有介詞 to，其後有名詞 interaction（互動），可知空格內應置入形容詞。
b. 符合上述的選項僅剩 (E) social（社交的），置入後亦符合語意，故選之。
This can create adults who are not fully prepared for the real world.
理由:
a. 空格位於句構完整的形容詞子句內，可知空格內應置入副詞來修飾後面的過去分詞 prepared。
b. 符合上述的選項有 (A) fully（完全地；充分地）和 (G) scarcely（幾乎沒有），惟 fully 置入後符合語意，可知應選 (A)。
c. fully adv. 完全地；充分地
例: I couldn't fully understand the material that the teacher presented in class.
（我無法完全聽懂課堂上老師所講述的內容。）
Someone with the pampered child syndrome is given everything he or she wants but still demands more.
理由:
a. 空格前有第三人稱單數主詞 Someone（某人），空格後有代名詞 more（更多），可知空格內應置入第三人稱單數的及物動詞。
b. 符合上述的選項有 (I) deprives（剝奪）和 (K) demands（要求），惟 demands 置入後符合語意，故選 (K)。
c. demand vt. 要求，請求
例: Kathy demanded an apology from Jim.
（凱西要求吉姆向她道歉。）
However, they are not quite ready to undertake the responsibilities that go with being grownups.
理由:
a. 空格前有定冠詞 the，可知空格內應置入名詞。
b. 選項中為名詞的有 (F) attention（注意）和 (L) responsibilities（責任），惟 responsibilities 置入後符合語意，故選 (L)。
c. responsibility n. 責任
undertake the responsibility 承擔責任
take responsibility for... 承擔起……的責任
例: George took responsibility for what he had done.
（喬治為他所做的一切負責。）
Teachers, professionals, and parents are now working together to educate themselves and others on how to prevent, reverse, and deal with the pampered child syndrome.
理由:
a. 空格前有不定詞 to，空格後有名詞詞組 the pampered child syndrome（被溺愛兒童症候群），可知空格內應置入原形及物動詞。
b. 符合上述的選項僅剩 (B) prevent（預防；防止），置入後亦符合語意，故選 (B)。
c. prevent vt. 預防；防止
例: Penicillin is used to prevent and treat infections.
（盤尼西林被用來預防和治療感染。）
The mistake parents are making is that they try to protect their children from consequences, which deprives them of having to deal with disappointment and loss.
理由:
a. 空格前有作主詞的關係代名詞 which（代替其前主要子句中 they try to protect their children from consequences 的概念），空格後有代名詞 them（他們），可知空格內應置入第三人稱單數的及物動詞。
b. 符合上述的選項僅有 (I) deprives（剝奪），置入後亦符合語意，故選之。
c. deprive vt. 剝奪
deprive sb of... 剝奪某人……
例: The car accident deprived Andy of the use of his right hand.
（那場車禍使安迪的右手失去活動能力。）
For those fighting the syndrome, this does not mean they should pay less attention to their children.
理由:
a. 空格前有及物動詞 pay（付出）和比較級形容詞 less（較少的），可知空格內應置入名詞。
b. 符合上述的選項僅剩 (F) attention（注意），置入後亦符合語意，故選之。
c. attention n. 注意
pay attention to... 注意∕專心於……
例: A good leader should pay attention to any signs of dissatisfaction.
（好的領導者要能注意任何不滿的徵兆。）
Perhaps, most importantly, parents need to be the examples they want their children to follow.
理由:
a. 空格後有逗點及句構完整的主要子句，可知空格應置入副詞或獨立副詞片語，以修飾全句。
b. 符合上述的選項有 (D) worse yet（更糟的是）及 (H) most importantly（最重要的是），唯 most importantly 置入後符合語意，故選 (H)。
c. Most importantly, S + V 最重要的是，……
例: You should use mouthwash on a daily basis. Most importantly, be sure to brush your teeth after each meal.
（你應該要每天用漱口水；更重要的是，每餐飯後一定要刷牙。）
精解字詞片語
pampered a. 縱容的，溺愛的
pamper vt. 縱容，溺愛
例: My aunt pampers all of her cats.
（我阿姨對她養的每隻小貓都溺愛有加。）
reaction n. 反應（其後常與介詞 to 並用）
例: We were all surprised by Mr. Lee's reaction to his son's dropping out of school.
（李先生對他兒子輟學的反應讓我們感到驚訝。）
interaction n. 互動
例: The couple got divorced because there was not enough interaction between them.
（這對夫妻離婚了，因為他們之間欠缺互動。）
well adv. 遠遠地，大大地
例: The price of this scooter is well past what I can afford.
（這台機車的價錢遠超過我所能負擔的。）
deserve vt. 應得，應受（獎賞或懲罰）
deserve + N/to V 應得∕值得……
例: The soldier deserves praise for his bravery.
= The soldier deserves to be praised for his bravery.
（這名士兵的英勇值得嘉許。）
例: I don't think the lazy employee deserves to be promoted.
（我不認為那個懶惰的員工值得被拔擢。）
undertake vt. 承擔，接受
三態為：undertake, undertook, undertaken。
例: The higher one's position is, the more responsibility one undertakes.
（一個人職位越高，所承擔的責任也越重。）
reverse vt. 徹底改變
例: After new evidence was presented, the lawyer reversed his client's plea.
（新的證據出爐後，律師改變了委託人的抗辯。）
protect sb/sth from + N/V-ing
保護某人∕某事物免於……
例: A helmet protects your head from being seriously injured in an accident.
（安全帽可以保護頭部免於在車禍中受重創。）
follow the/one's example 效法（某人的）榜樣
set a good example for... 為……樹立好榜樣
例: I would like to follow my father's example and become a lawyer.
（我想效法我爸爸成為一名律師。）
例: Bob tried to set a good example for his younger brothers.
（鮑伯試圖為他的弟弟們樹立一個好榜樣。）
spoil vt. 寵壞；破壞
例: An only child is often spoiled.
（獨生子女常常會被寵壞。）
例: The bad weather spoiled our plans for the weekend.
（壞天氣壞了我們週末的計劃。）
in the long run 從長遠來看；終究
例: All of the citizens will benefit from the new policy in the long run.
（長期來看，全體人民都能從新政策中獲益。）
單字小舖
syndrome n. 症候群
clinical a. 臨床的
behavioral a. 行為的
psychiatric a. 精神病學的
disorder n. 失調
grownup n. 成人
= adult n.
professional n. 專家
consequence n. 結果
disappointment n. 失望
片語小舖
deal with... 處理……
come up with... 提出∕想出……
中文翻譯
臨床心理學家瑪姬‧瑪曼從事兒童與家庭研究已逾 30 年。她看遍許多家庭所要處理的事情，其中一個讓她和其他人極為關切的狀況就是『被溺愛兒童症候群』。瑪姬．瑪曼提出這個名稱來描述父母讓子女予取予求所帶來的影響。
這個症候群讓人關切的是它會引起兒童負面的反應，像是情緒上、行為上或是精神上的失調。『被溺愛兒童症候群』影響到各個層面，包含從日常生活到學校表現和社會交際等。這個問題會一直伴隨他們到過了年輕歲月之後。這樣塑造出的成人尚未完全準備好面對真實世界。有『被溺愛兒童症候群』的人被給予他們想要的所有東西，但仍需索無度。他們相信自己應和成人享有同等的權利。但是，他們卻還沒準備好承擔成年人該肩負的責任。他們備受呵護與關愛，卻仍然感到不快樂、焦慮或憤怒。
老師、專業人士以及家長現在正同心協力教育自己和他人如何預防、扭轉及處理『被溺愛兒童症候群』。父母親所犯的錯誤是，他們試圖保護孩子免於承擔後果，這樣便剝奪了孩子必須處理失望和失落的的情況。對那些對抗此症候群的人來說，這不代表他們要少關心自己的小孩。兒童真正需要的是能幫助他們成長和發展的支持。或許更重要的是，父母親本身必須成為孩子們效法的榜樣。儘管不給予子女想要的東西是一件困難的事，但總比到最後寵壞他們來得好。
答案： 1. (C) 2. (J) 3. (E) 4. (A) 5. (K) 6. (L) 7. (B) 8. (I) 9. (F) 10. (H)
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