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Surprising new studies show a connection between red meat and depression.
驚人的新研究顯示出紅肉和憂鬱症之間的關聯。



 For years, we have been hearing about what we should and should not eat in order to maintain our health. Whether it is the latest fad diet or new foods to avoid, knowing what and how much we should be putting in our bodies can be downright confusing. One of the biggest controversies is over red meat, which has gotten a bad name in recent years. _(1)_ A team from the Barwon Psychiatric Research Unit at Deakin University in Australia has been looking at how the quantity of red meat in a woman's diet can affect the likelihood of her being depressed or anxious.

  _(2)_ The weekly suggestion is three to four lean palm-sized pieces of beef or lamb. _(3)_ More interesting findings were made during the study; specifically the women's socioeconomic status, physical activity level, smoking, weight, and age did change the results of the study. _(4)_ The team warns those trying to follow healthy diets to pay close attention to the beef and lamb they buy. In Australia, cattle and sheep feed mostly on grass, which produces leaner meat with higher levels of nutrients and omega-3 fatty acids. _(5)_ Overall, women can try to eat red meat in moderation to keep themselves away from depressio n.


(A) What they found was that women who ate less than the weekly suggested amount of red meat were twice as likely to experience depression and anxiety.
 

(B) In other places like the US, however, cattle and sheep are kept on feedlots and are fed grain-based diets resulting in high levels of saturated fats and fewer healthy ones.


 (C) However, new studies are showing that red meat plays an important role in women's mental health.


 (D) Additionally, other protein sources such as pork, chicken, and fish had no effect on the women's mental health.


 (E) The study also went on to show that women who ate more than this recommended amount had large increases in depression and anxiety as well.

 










 

 
 


原來如此



1.第一題空格應選 (C)
理由:
a. 空格前一句提及其中最大的爭議之一就是針對
 紅肉,它在近年來聲名狼籍,而選項 (C) 表示然而,新的研究顯示紅肉對女性的心理健康扮演重要的角色,前後語氣形成對比,且選項 (C) 句子中亦有提到關鍵字 red meat(紅肉),使兩句產生關聯。
b. 根據上述,(C) 項應為正選。
大補丸:
play an important role in...
在……扮演重要的角色
Peter played an important role in the project.
彼得在該專案中扮演重要的角色。

2.第二題空格應選 (A)
理由:
a. 空格前一句提及來自澳洲迪肯大學巴望精神病學的一組研究團隊一直以來都在研究女性飲食中紅肉的攝取量將會如何影響她們憂鬱或是焦慮的可能性,而選項 (A) 句子中進一步提到他們發現,每週食用紅肉數量低於建議量的女性發生憂鬱症或焦慮症的可能性是食用建議量女性的兩倍,前後語氣呼應,且選項 (A) 句子中亦有提到關鍵字 depression(憂鬱症)及 anxiety(焦慮症),與前句形成關聯。
b. 根據上述,(A) 項應為正選。
大補丸:
a. suggested a. 建議的
b. anxiety n. 焦慮(症)

3.第三題空格應選 (E)
理由:
a. 空格前一句提及每週建議食用量是 3 至 4 片手掌大小的瘦牛肉或羊肉,而選項 (E) 句子接著提到該研究接著也顯示食用超過建議量的女性發生憂鬱症和焦慮症的可能性也會大幅增加,前後語氣呼應,且選項 (E) 句子中亦有提到關鍵字 recommended amount(建議量),與前句形成關聯。
b. 根據上述,(E) 項應為正選。
recommended
 a. 建議的;推薦的

4.第四題空格應選 (D)
理由:
a. 空格前一句指出,該研究過程中還有更多有趣的調查結果,特別是女性社會經濟地位、身體活動程度、抽煙、體重和年紀都會改變研究結果,而選項 (D) 句子提到,另外,其他蛋白質來源像是豬肉、雞肉和魚肉對女性的心理健康則沒有影響,此則為研究結果的另一面向,並與前句形成對比。
b. 根據上述,(D) 項應為正選。
大補丸:
a. protein n. 蛋白質
b. have no effect on...  對……沒有影響
have an effect on...  對……有影響
My brother has had an effect on my success at school because he always pushes me to do better.
我的哥哥對我在學校的優異表現有很大的影響,因為他總是督促我要做得更好。

5.第五題空格應選 (B)
理由:
a. 空格前一句指出,在澳洲,牛羊大都是在草地上餵養,如此會生產出含有較多營養物及 omega-3 脂肪酸的瘦肉,而選項 (B) 句子提到然而,在其他像是美國等地,牛羊被養在飼養場內,且被餵食穀物為主的食物,如此導致產生較多飽和脂肪及較少的健康脂肪,與前句形成對比,且選項 (B) 句子中亦有提到關鍵字 cattle and sheep(牛羊),和前句產生關聯。
b. 根據上述,(B) 項應為正選。
大補丸:
saturated a. 飽和的
 


 


精解字詞片語


1.controversy n. 爭議
There has been a lot of controversy about the health benefits of coffee.
咖啡對健康的益處一直以來備受爭議。

2.quantity n.(數)量
The police found a large quantity of heroin in the man's suitcase.
警方在那名男子的手提箱內發現大量的海洛因。

3.affect vt. 影響
Weather can sometimes affect people's moods.
有時候天氣會影響人的心情。

4.likelihood n. 可能性
The likelihood is that the unemployment rate will continue to rise.
失業率可能將會持續升高。

5.depressed a. 感到沮喪∕憂鬱的
Jill felt really depressed because she was unable to pass the exam.
吉兒感到很沮喪,因為她無法通過考試。

6.anxious a. 焦慮的
be anxious about...  對……感到焦慮∕緊張
Julie is anxious about the interview tomorrow.
茱莉對明天的面試感到緊張。

7.specifically adv. 特別地;明確地
The doctor specifically warned me not to eat seafood because of my allergies.
醫生特別警告我不要吃海鮮,因為我會過敏。

8.moderation n. 適度;節制
Alcohol should only be taken in moderation.
喝酒應該要有節制。

9.keep sb away from...  讓某人遠離……
You'd better find a way to keep Gerald away from the casino because he is a gambling addict.
你最好想辦法讓傑洛遠離賭場,因為他是個賭徒。
 





單字小舖


1.depression n. 憂鬱(症)
 
2.fad n. 一時流行之物
 
3.downright adv. 完全地,徹底地
 
4.psychiatric a. 精神病學的
 
5.lean a. (肉)精瘦的;無脂肪的
 
6.palm-sized a. 手掌大小的
 
7.finding n. 調查結果(常用複數)
 
8.socioeconomic a. 社會經濟的
 
9.nutrient n. 營養物(可數名詞)
 
10.fatty acid  脂肪酸
 
 


中文翻譯



  多年來,我們一直聽到為了要維持健康,我們該吃什麼和不該吃什麼。不論是那些最新流行的飲食或最新公佈所該避免攝取的食物,要了解該吃什麼及把多少的量吃進體內這些事都令人感到十分困惑。其中最大的爭議之一就是針對紅肉,紅肉在近年來聲名狼籍。然而,新的研究顯示紅肉對女性的心理健康扮演重要的角色。來自澳洲迪肯大學巴望精神病學的一組研究團隊一直以來都在研究女性飲食中紅肉的攝取量會如何影響她們憂鬱或是焦慮的可能性。

  他們發現,每週食用紅肉數量低於建議量的女性發生憂鬱症或焦慮症的可能性是食用建議量女性的兩倍。每週建議食用量是 3 至 4 片手掌大小的瘦牛肉或羊肉。該研究接著也顯示,食用超過建議量的女性發生憂鬱症和焦慮症的可能性也會大幅增加。該研究過程中還有更多有趣的調查結果,特別是女性社會經濟地位、身體活動程度、抽煙、體重和年紀都會改變研究結果。另外,其他蛋白質來源像是豬肉、雞肉和魚肉對女性的心理健康則沒有影響。該團隊提出警告,那些想要遵循健康飲食的人要密切注意他們所買的牛肉和羊肉。在澳洲,牛羊大都是在草地上餵養,如此會生產出含有較多營養物及 omega-3 脂肪酸的瘦肉。然而,在其他像是美國等地,牛羊被養在飼養場內,且被餵食穀物為主的食物,因而產生較多飽和脂肪及較少的健康脂肪。總的來說,女性可以試著適量攝取紅肉來遠離憂鬱症。

答案:1. C 2. A 3. E 4. D 5. B
 

難句分析

Since animals herded together in crowded conditions are more apt to fight, farmers sometimes debeak the chickens, which involves cutting their beaks off so they can't peck at each other.
 = Since animals which are herded together in crowded conditions are more apt to fight, farmers sometimes debeak the chickens, which involves cutting their beaks off so that they can't peck at each other.
由於被趕集在擁擠環境的動物比較容易發生打鬥,所以農夫有時候會把那些雞的喙割除,如此一來牠們就無法互相啄對方了。

 
 

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